![]() ![]() It was regarded as probable at the time that the argument for the 5.56mm standard within NATO had more to do with the economics involved. ![]() Weight for weight, more rounds of ammunition could be carried by an individual soldier – a considerable advantage on the battlefield. For the 4.85mm round, both propellant and projectile were at the beginning of their respective development curves. Development of small-arms munitions have a long and continuous life and it was estimated by the trials specialists from Enfield that this weapon would ultimately be superior in the 4.85mm configuration. This was the expressed view of trials team members whilst demonstrating the XL64E5 prototype at the British Army School of Infantry at Warminster. Technically, in the mid-1970s, the 4.85×49mm round was seen as superior to the then existing version of 5.56mm M193 round in use by the US (for the M16/M16A1) and by other forces. A bullpup conversion of the AR-15 was previously considered but the buffer tube in stock prevented the idea from reaching fruition. ĭuring the development of the SA80, a bullpup conversion was made of an AR-18 and a Stoner 63 at Enfield due to the fact they could be used with stocks folded/without stocks which allowed the bullpup conversion and were later chambered in the experimental 4.85x49mm round. The sheet metal construction and the design of the bolt, bolt carrier, guide rods and the weapon's disassembly showed strong similarities to the Armalite AR-18 which was manufactured under licence from 1975 to 1983 by the Sterling Armaments Company of Dagenham, Essex, and which had been tested by the British Ministry of Defence in 19. The system was to be composed of two weapons: the XL64E5 rifle (also called the "Enfield Individual Weapon") and a light support weapon known as the XL65E4 light machine gun. While the experimental weapon family was very different from the EM-2 in internal design and construction methods, its bullpup configuration with an optical sight was a clear influence on the design of what was to become the SA80. In 1969, the Enfield factory began work on a brand new family of weapons, chambered in a newly designed British 4.85×49mm intermediate cartridge. ![]() When NATO standardised on the 7.62mm rifle cartridge as the standard calibre for its service rifles, further development of these rifles was discontinued and the British Army adopted the 7.62 mm L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle semi-automatic rifle, a licence-built version of the Belgian FN FAL. The latter was brought into service briefly as "Rifle, Automatic, Calibre. Two 7mm (.280 in) prototypes were built in a bullpup configuration, designated the EM-1 and EM-2. The idea dates back to the late 1940s, when an ambitious programme to develop a new cartridge and new class of rifle was launched in the United Kingdom based on combat experience drawn from World War II. The SA80 was the last in a long line of British weapons (including the Lee–Enfield family) to come from the Royal Small Arms Factory, the national arms development and production facility at Enfield Lock, before its weapons factory was closed down in 1988.ĭevelopment Post war intermediate weapon development The remainder of the SA80 family comprises the L86 Light Support Weapon, the short-barrelled L22 Carbine and the L98 Cadet rifle. The A3 variant was first issued in 2018 with several new improvements. The A2 variant came to be as the result of a significant upgrade in the early 2000s by Heckler & Koch and remains in service as of 2023. The first prototypes were created in 1976, with production of the A1 variant starting in 1985 and ending in 1994. The L85 Rifle variant has been the standard issue service rifle of the British Armed Forces since 1987, replacing the L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle. The SA80 (Small Arms for the 1980s) is a British family of 5.56×45mm NATO service weapons used by the British Army. Telescopic SUSAT, ACOG and ELCAN LDS scopes, aperture iron sights RSAF Enfield, Royal Ordnance, Heckler and KochĤ.98 kilograms (11.0 lb) (L85A2 with SUSAT sight and loaded 30-round magazine) ģ00–1,200 m depending on weapon on usage L85A2 with ELCAN LDS and 2009 upgrade suite ![]()
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